Countries With the Most HIV-Related Deaths 2025

What this chart shows. The 25 countries with the most HIV-related deaths in 2025, in thousands, among the countries with a published UNAIDS estimate. South Africa recorded 42,000 deaths, Mozambique 38,000 and Nigeria 32,000, out of 570,000 worldwide.

How the data is collected. UNAIDS counts deaths from HIV-related causes, meaning deaths of people living with HIV from AIDS-defining illnesses such as tuberculosis or severe infections. Death registration is incomplete in many of these countries, so the totals come from the same Spectrum model as the other estimates and carry a range: worldwide, 430,000 to 780,000.

Background. HIV-related deaths worldwide fell 56.2% between 2010 and 2025, from 1.3 million, as treatment reached more people. South Africa's deaths fell 70.0% and Zimbabwe's from 72,000 to 18,000. Only Indonesia, Pakistan and Madagascar recorded more deaths in 2025 than in 2010; Pakistan's rose from 2,100 to 14,000.

Limits. Rounding creates ties: Zimbabwe and Indonesia both had 18,000 deaths, and Myanmar and South Sudan 4,400 each. Ranges are wide where death registration is weak; South Africa's estimate runs from 29,000 to 91,000. Countries without a 2025 estimate, such as the United States, China and Russia, are not included.