Countries With the Most Muslims 2020

What this chart shows. The 25 countries with the largest Muslim populations in 2020, in millions of people. Indonesia had 239.0 million, 87.0% of its population, ahead of Pakistan with 226.9 million and India with 213.1 million. Together the 25 countries were home to 85.8% of the world's 2,022.6 million Muslims.

How the data is collected. The estimates come from Pew Research Center's study of how the world's religious landscape changed between 2010 and 2020, published in 2025. Pew combined more than 2,700 sources, including national censuses, large demographic surveys, general population surveys and population registers, and counts people of all ages.

Background. The world's Muslim population grew 20.7% between 2010 and 2020, faster than the world population as a whole (12.3%), and Muslims' share of all people rose from 23.9% to 25.6%. The top five countries were the same, in the same order, in both years. Pakistan grew faster than Indonesia, 17.8% against 10.8%. Among the 25, Niger grew fastest, up 42.7%, and Syria was the only one with fewer Muslims than in 2010.

Limits. Pew notes that in most countries it is not possible to measure precisely how many people identify with each religion, so these are estimates, rounded to the nearest 10,000. Other compilations give somewhat different figures: Wikipedia's list of Muslim populations by country, which draws on other sources, puts Pakistan's share of the world's Muslims at 11.1%, against 11.2% here.