CO2 Emissions From Deforestation and Land Use by Country 2024
Key Findings
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Brazil leads in Land-Use CO2 Emissions (million tonnes) with 1,599.70 in 2024.
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Average Land-Use CO2 Emissions (million tonnes) in 2024: 242 · median: 112.
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Gap in 2024: Brazil is 36.3× larger than Benin.
About This Dataset
CO2 Emissions From Deforestation and Land Use by Country 2024
What this chart shows. The 20 countries with the largest net CO2 emissions from land-use change in 2024, mainly deforestation, in millions of tonnes. Brazil led with 1,600 million tonnes, 34.9 per cent of the world's 4,586, followed by DR Congo with 648 and Indonesia with 576.
How the data is collected. The Global Carbon Budget estimates these net emissions with bookkeeping models: carbon released when forests are cleared or burned, minus carbon taken up by regrowing forests on the same land. In 64 countries the result was negative, meaning more uptake than release, so they are not shown.
Background. In Brazil land-use emissions were 3.3 times its fossil-fuel emissions, and 12 of the 20 countries emitted more from land use than from fossil fuels. The European Commission's EDGAR inventory, which counts gross deforestation emissions differently, also puts Brazil, DR Congo and Indonesia in its top three.
Limits. Land-use emissions are the most uncertain part of the carbon budget, and a single year can be affected by fires and droughts. These are net figures for 2024 only.
How the data is collected. The Global Carbon Budget estimates these net emissions with bookkeeping models: carbon released when forests are cleared or burned, minus carbon taken up by regrowing forests on the same land. In 64 countries the result was negative, meaning more uptake than release, so they are not shown.
Background. In Brazil land-use emissions were 3.3 times its fossil-fuel emissions, and 12 of the 20 countries emitted more from land use than from fossil fuels. The European Commission's EDGAR inventory, which counts gross deforestation emissions differently, also puts Brazil, DR Congo and Indonesia in its top three.
Limits. Land-use emissions are the most uncertain part of the carbon budget, and a single year can be affected by fires and droughts. These are net figures for 2024 only.
Analysis
Brazil, DR Congo and Indonesia together accounted for 61.6 per cent of the world's net land-use CO2 in 2024. The United States, 10th, emitted 112 million tonnes.
Data Insights
Numbers, trends & sources behind this chart
Methodology & source
- Data source
- Global Carbon Budget (2025) via Our World in Data
- Coverage
- 20 entities · 2024 · 20 observations
- Measure
- Land-Use CO2 Emissions (million tonnes)
- Last updated
- 29 September 2026
- Compiled by
- The ANYSTAT team, from the source above
How the figures are calculated
- Values use the measure and unit named on this page. Consult the dataset description and cited source for coverage, definitions and any unit conversions. Displayed values may be rounded for readability.
- Entities are ranked highest-first on their value in 2024.
An article using this data
The US Has Caused More Global Warming Than Any Other Country: Historical CO2, Methane and Deforestation by Country
Global Carbon Budget and Jones et al. data: the US has emitted 434.9 billion tonnes of fossil CO2 since 1750 and caused 17.65% of global warming; China leads on...
Data Sources & References
All external sources cited in this dataset
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