Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023
About This Dataset
Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023
Carbon intensity of electricity generation in 2023, in grams of CO2 per kilowatt-hour, ranked from highest. A higher number means a more fossil-heavy grid. Covers countries that generated at least 10 TWh of electricity in the year, so very small island grids do not dominate the ranking.
Analysis
Turkmenistan had the most carbon-intensive electricity in the world in 2023 at 1306 gCO2/kWh, ahead of Uzbekistan at 1113 g. The top of this list is gas-heavy Central Asian and Gulf grids; the countries that matter most for global emissions sit slightly lower, with India at 714 g on a grid of about 1,900 TWh. Every country listed is above 640 g, roughly 28 times the cleanest grids measured in the same year.
Source:
Ember - Yearly Electricity Data
Key Findings
🏆
Turkmenistan leads in Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh) with 1,306.10 in 2023.
📊
Average Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh) in 2023: 791 · median: 705.
↔️
Gap in 2023: Turkmenistan is 2× larger than Puerto Rico.
Data Insights
Numbers, trends & sources behind this chart
Methodology & source
- Data source
- Ember - Yearly Electricity Data
- Coverage
- 15 entities · 2023 · 15 observations
- Measure
- Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh)
- Last updated
- 15 August 2026
- Compiled by
- The ANYSTAT team, from the source above
How the figures are calculated
- Values are shown as reported by the source. Nothing is rescaled, rebased or converted — the only changes are thousand separators and decimals shown to two places.
- Entities are ranked highest-first on their value in 2023.
Data Sources & References
All external sources cited in this dataset
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