Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023

Source: Ember - Yearly Electricity Data

Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023

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Key Findings

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Turkmenistan leads in Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh) with 1,306.10 in 2023.

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Average Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh) in 2023: 791 · median: 705.

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Gap in 2023: Turkmenistan is 2× larger than Puerto Rico.

About This Dataset

Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023

Carbon intensity of electricity generation in 2023, in grams of CO2 per kilowatt-hour, ranked from highest. A higher number means a more fossil-heavy grid. Covers countries that generated at least 10 TWh of electricity in the year, so very small island grids do not dominate the ranking.

Analysis

Turkmenistan had the most carbon-intensive electricity in the world in 2023 at 1306 gCO2/kWh, ahead of Uzbekistan at 1113 g. The top of this list is gas-heavy Central Asian and Gulf grids; the countries that matter most for global emissions sit slightly lower, with India at 714 g on a grid of about 1,900 TWh. Every country listed is above 640 g, roughly 28 times the cleanest grids measured in the same year.

Data Insights Below

Data Insights

Numbers, trends & sources behind this chart

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Data Points

15 categories · 1 year

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Top Value

1,306.10

Turkmenistan

Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh) · 2023

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Metrics

Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh)

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Period

2023

Single year snapshot

Methodology & source

Data source: Ember - Yearly Electricity Data
Coverage: 15 entities · 2023 · 15 observations
Measure: Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh)
Last updated: 15 August 2026
Compiled by: The ANYSTAT team, from the source above

How the figures are calculated

Values use the measure and unit named on this page. Consult the dataset description and cited source for coverage, definitions and any unit conversions. Displayed values may be rounded for readability.
Entities are ranked highest-first on their value in 2023.

Rankings & Full Data

15 records · Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh) · ranked by 2023

✓ 15 sourced

#	Category	2023
🥇	Turkmenistan	1,306.10
🥈	Uzbekistan	1,113.30
🥉	Bahrain	902.60
4	Kazakhstan	826.50
5	Libya	825.20
6	South Africa	714.40
7	India	713.70
8	Syria	705.40
9	Saudi Arabia	697.30
10	Iraq	685.10
11	Bangladesh	682.70
12	Indonesia	681
13	Hong Kong	674.40
14	Azerbaijan	670
15	Puerto Rico	660.80

Data Sources & References

All external sources cited in this dataset

1 https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/ Visit ↗

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How these countries rank across all our charts

Each country's page lists its position in every ranking on ANYSTAT.

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APA

ANYSTAT. (2026). Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023 [Data set]. Data: Ember - Yearly Electricity Data. https://anystat.ai/stats/1318/countries-with-the-most-carbon-intensive-electricity-2023-1786812923

MLA

"Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023." ANYSTAT, 15 Aug. 2026, https://anystat.ai/stats/1318/countries-with-the-most-carbon-intensive-electricity-2023-1786812923.

Link for your website

<a href="https://anystat.ai/stats/1318/countries-with-the-most-carbon-intensive-electricity-2023-1786812923">Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023</a> (ANYSTAT)

Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023