Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023

About This Dataset

Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023
Carbon intensity of electricity generation in 2023, in grams of CO2 per kilowatt-hour, ranked from highest. A higher number means a more fossil-heavy grid. Covers countries that generated at least 10 TWh of electricity in the year, so very small island grids do not dominate the ranking.
Analysis

Turkmenistan had the most carbon-intensive electricity in the world in 2023 at 1306 gCO2/kWh, ahead of Uzbekistan at 1113 g. The top of this list is gas-heavy Central Asian and Gulf grids; the countries that matter most for global emissions sit slightly lower, with India at 714 g on a grid of about 1,900 TWh. Every country listed is above 640 g, roughly 28 times the cleanest grids measured in the same year.

Source:  Ember - Yearly Electricity Data

Key Findings

🏆
Turkmenistan leads in Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh) with 1,306.10 in 2023.
📊
Average Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh) in 2023: 791  ·  median: 705.
↔️
Gap in 2023: Turkmenistan is 2× larger than Puerto Rico.

Countries With the Most Carbon-Intensive Electricity 2023

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Data Insights

Numbers, trends & sources behind this chart

Admin
⬡
Data Points
15
15 categories  ·  1 year
↑
Top Value
1,306.10
Turkmenistan
Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh) · 2023
◈
Metrics
1
Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh)
◷
Period
2023
Single year snapshot

Methodology & source

Data source
Ember - Yearly Electricity Data
Coverage
15 entities · 2023 · 15 observations
Measure
Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh)
Last updated
15 August 2026
Compiled by
The ANYSTAT team, from the source above
How the figures are calculated
  • Values are shown as reported by the source. Nothing is rescaled, rebased or converted — the only changes are thousand separators and decimals shown to two places.
  • Entities are ranked highest-first on their value in 2023.

Rankings & Full Data

15 records · Electricity CO2 Intensity (gCO2 per kWh) · ranked by 2023

✓ 15 sourced
# Category 2023 Source
🥇 Turkmenistan 1,306.10
🥈 Uzbekistan 1,113.30
🥉 Bahrain 902.60
4 Kazakhstan 826.50
5 Libya 825.20
6 South Africa 714.40
7 India 713.70
8 Syria 705.40
9 Saudi Arabia 697.30
10 Iraq 685.10
11 Bangladesh 682.70
12 Indonesia 681
13 Hong Kong 674.40
14 Azerbaijan 670
15 Puerto Rico 660.80

Data Sources & References

All external sources cited in this dataset

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